Milk production and quality of a Jersey herd supplemented with a phytogenic additive

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22458/urj.v17i1.5912

Keywords:

total solid, fat, crude protein, milk urea nitrogen, Bos taurus, lactose

Abstract

Introduction: The dairy sector faces a series of challenges that demand efficiency at both the productive and economic levels, aiming to improve zootechnical, health, and financial parameters. This includes the use of dietary ingredients that optimize the productive parameters of dairy cows. Objective: To evaluate the effect of a phytogenic additive on milk production and quality in grazing Jersey cows during the first 110 days of lactation. Methods: We selected 30 multiparous Jersey cows with an average of 3.0 lactations and an average production of 22.8kg/day in the previous lactation, assigned to two treatments with 15 replicates each: Treatment A (supplementation with 3.0g of PA) and Group B (control). The recorded information was analyzed using a generalized linear mixed model for repeated measures. Results: We observed that the use of a phytogenic additive did not result in statistically significant differences for the milk production variables (p=0.23), fat (p=0.75), crude protein (p=0.83), lactose (p=0.42), total solids (p=0.40), and milk urea nitrogen (p=0.44). Conclusion: We found no benefits in milk production and quality with this particular additive and conditions, but it still should be tested under other management conditions and production stages.

References

Alvarado, C., Briceño-Guevara, S., Matarrita-Rodríguez, J., Masis-Mora, M., Pérez-Rojas, G., &

WingChing-Jones R. (2022). Residuos de acaricidas en leche entera bovina de Costa

Rica. UNED Research Journal, 14(1), e3787. https://doi.org/10.22458/urj.v14i1.3787

Andrade, M. (2006). Evaluación de técnicas de manejo para mejorar la utilización del pasto kikuyo

(Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst. ex Chiov) en la producción de ganado lechero en

Costa Rica. [Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad de Costa Rica]. Repositorio

institucional: https://repositorio.sibdi.ucr.ac.cr/items/67c9bb1d-5e8c-4a4f-ba3c-

b8f5ffeb776e

AOAC International. (2002) International Official Methods of Analysis (17th), AOAC Int.,

Gaithersburg, MD.

Calsamiglia, S., Busquet, M., Cardozo, P.W., Castillejos, L., & Ferret, A. (2007). Invited Review:

Essential oils as modifiers of rumen microbial fermentation. Journal Dairy Science, 90,

2580-2595. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-644

Cardozo, P., Calsamiglia, S., Ferret, A., & Kamel, C. (2004). Effects of natural plant extracts on

ruminal protein degradation and fermentation profiles in continuous culture. Journal

of Animal Science, 82(11), 3230–3236. https://doi.org/10.2527/2004.82113230x.

Costa, A., Villalobos, N., Sneddon, N., Shalloo, L., Franzoi, M., Marchi, M., & Penasa, M. (2019).

Invited review: Milk lactose—Current status and future challenges in dairy cattle.

Journal of Dairy Science. Volume 102. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2018-15955.

Elmeson, J. (2015). Óleo funcional na alimentação de vacas leiteiras. [Tesis doctorado, Universidad

Estatal Paulista]. Repositorio institucional:

https://repositorio.unesp.br/server/api/core/bitstreams/318566ea-339e-4d57-af47-

47ec8d853164/content

Faehnrich, B., Nemaz, P., & Schabauer, A. (2019). Essential oil-bearing supplementation of dairy

cows – in vivo experiments elucidating factors and co-factors influencing parameters

of feed efficiency. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences, 28(3), 230-237, https://doi.org/10.22358/jafs/110413/2019

Figueroa-Macías, J.P., Coll, Y., Núñez, M., Díaz, K., Olea, A., & Espinoza, L. (2021). Plant growth-

defense trade-offs: Molecular processes leading to physiological changes.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22, 693, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020693

Gillund, P., Reksen, O., Gröhn, Y. T., & Karlberg, K. (2001). Body condition related to ketosis and

reproductive performance in Norwegian dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 84(6),

13901396. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)70170-1.

Gonzáles, J., & WingChing-Jones, R. (2016). Relación del valor de urea en leche con parámetros

reproductivos y productivos en vacas Holstein, Jersey y sus cruces.

UNED Research Journal, 8(2), 175-183. https://doi.org/10.22458/urj.v8i2.1558

Hanus, O., Samhova, E., Krizova, L., Hasonova, L., & Kala, R. (2018). Role of fatty acids in milk fat

and the influence of selected factors on their variability—A Review. Molecules,

23(7),1636. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23071636.

Jamali, N., Riasi, A., Zare, A., Celi, P., & Mehdi, S. (2017). Effect of pre-calving body condition score

and previous lactation on BCS change, blood metabolites, oxidative stress and milk

production in Holstein dairy cows. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 16(3), 474-483. https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2017.1290507

Kholif, A., Hassan, A., Matloup, O., & Ashry, G. (2021). Phytogenic feed additives mixture enhances the lactational performance, feed utilization and ruminal fermentation of Friesian

cows. Animal Biotechnology, 32(6), 708-718. https://doi.org/10.1080/10495398.2020.1746322

Kosinski, D., Giacomini, S., Camillo, G., Miranda, A., Valerio, A., Pazinto, F., & Kolling, L. (2021).

Effect of a phytogenic feed additives mixture on milk physico-chemical properties and

biochemical parameters of Holstein cows. Ciência rural, 51(12),

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20200682

Lenth, R. (2020). emmeans: Estimated marginal means, aka Least-squares Means. R package.

version 1.4.8. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=emmeans

Marini, P., Biga, P., & Di-Masso, R. (2021). Caracterización multivariada de la eficiencia productivo-

reproductiva y edad al primer parto en vacas Holstein. Agronomía Mesoamericana,

32(1), 34-44. https://doi.org/10.15517/am.v32i1.43184

Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería. (2007). Agrocadena de leche.

http://www.mag.go.cr/bibliotecavirtual/E70-10453.pdf.

Mossate, A., Reimann, F., & Silveira. R. (2009). Parâmetros hematológicos de novilhas leiteiras

submetidas a dietas com aditivos fitogênicos. Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção

Animal, 10(4), 1263–1263. https://www.bvs-vet.org.br/vetindex/periodicos/revista-

brasileira-de-saude-e-producao-animal/10-(2009)-4/parametros-hematologicos-de-

novilhas-leiteiras-submetidas-a-dietas-com/

Municipalidad de Oreamuno. (2021). Santa Rosa. https://www.oreamuno.go.cr/articulo/63/santa-rosa.

National Research Council. (2001). Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle. 8th Revised Edition

National Academy Press, WA.

Oliveira, H., Leone, F., Villela, S., Lobo, A., Guimarães, E., Santiago, B., Carvalho, J., Resende, R., &

Araujo, R. (2014). Desempenho de vacas em lactação consumindo dietas contendo

misturas de óleos essenciais. Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal, 15(3),

670-678. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-99402014000300014

Orzuna-Orzuna, J.F.; Dorantes-Iturbide, G.; Lara-Bueno, A.; Miranda-Romero, L.A.; Mendoza-

Martínez, G.D.; & Santiago-Figueroa, I. (2022) A meta-analysis of essential oils use for

beef cattle feed: Rumen, fermentation, blood metabolites,meat quality, performance

and environmental and economic impact. Fermentation, 8, 254.

https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8060254

Otzen, T., & Manterola, C. (2017). Técnicas de muestreo sobre una población a estudio.

International Journal of Morphology, 35(1),227-232,

http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0717-95022017000100037

Palma, E., Tilocca, B., & Roncada, P. (2020). Antimicrobial resistance in veterinary medicine: An

overview. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21, 1914,

https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21061914

Perfield, J., Lock, A., Griinari, J., Saebo, A., Delmonte, P., Dwyer, D., & Bauman, D. (2007). Trans-9,

cis-11 conjugated linoleic acid reduces milk fat synthesis in lactating dairy cows.

Journal of Dairy Science. 90, 2211–2218. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-745.

Pires, J., Delavaud, C., Faulconnier, Y., Pomiès, D., & Chilliard, Y. (2013). Effects of body condition

score at calving on indicators of fat and protein mobilization of periparturient

holstein-friesian cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 96(10), 6423–6439.

https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2013-6801.

Ponnamaplan, E., Priyashantha, H., Vidanarachchi, Y., Kiani, A., & Holman, B. (2024). Effects of

nutritional factors on fat content, fatty acid composition and sensorial properties of

meat and milk from domesticated ruminants: An overview. Animals, 14, 840,

https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14060840

Puppel, K., Golebiewski, M., Grodkowski, G., Slosarz, J., Kunowska, M., Solarczyk, P., Balcerak, M.,

& Pryzsuha, T. (2019). Composition and factors affecting quality of bovine colostrum:

A review. Animals, 9(12), 1070. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9121070.

Rivera-Chacón, R., Castillo-López, E., Ricci, S., Petri, R. M., Reisinger, N., & Zebeli, Q. (2022).

Supplementing a phytogenic feed additive modulates the risk of subacute rumen

acidosis, rumen fermentation and systemic inflammation in cattle fed acidogenic

diets. Animals, 12(9), 1201, https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12091201.

Roche, J., Lee, J. & Berry, D. (2007). Relationships among body condition score, body weight, and

milk production variables in pasture-based dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 90(8).

https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-740.

Roche, J., Meier, S., Heiser, A., Mitchell, M., Walker, C., Crookenden, M., Vailati, M., Loor, J., & Kay,

J. (2015). Effects of precalving body condition score and prepartum feeding level on

production, reproduction, and health parameters in pasture-based transition dairy cows, Journal of Dairy Science, 98(10), 7164-7182. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2014-9269

R Core Team (2018) R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for

Statistical Computing, Vienna. https://www.R-project.org

Rodrigues, R., Cooke, R., Firmino, F., Moura, M., Angeli, B., Ferreira, H., Brandão, A., Fabry, M.,

Ostrensky, A., & Vasconcelos, J. (2019). Productive and physiological responses of

lactating dairy cows supplemented with phytogenic feed ingredients. Translational

Animal Science, 3(4), 1133–1142. https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txz108

Sabek, A., Li, C., Du, C., Nan, L., Ni, J., Elgazzar, E., Ma, Y., Salem, A., & Zhang, S. (2021). Effects of

parity and days in milk on milk composition in correlation with β-hydroxybutyrate in

tropic dairy cows. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 53(2), 270.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-021-02690-7.

Sachi, S., Ferdous, J., Sikder, M.H., & Hussani, S. (2019). Antibiotic residues in milk: Past, present

and future. Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research, 6(3), 315-332,

http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2019.f350

Shaker, B., Sabrin, M., Abdallah, T., Mohamed, H., Soliman, M., Tareq, M., & Sobhy, M. (2020).

Effect of an essential oil blend on dairy cow performance during treatment and post-

treatment periods. Sustainability, 19(21), 9123, https://doi.org/10.3390/su12219123

Silvestre, A. Martins, A. Santos, V., Ginja, M., & Colaço, J. (2009). Lactation curves for milk, fat and

protein in dairy cows: A full approach. Livestock Science, 122(2–3).

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2008.09.017.

Tekeli, A., Yıldız, G., Drochner, W., & Steingass, H. (2015). Efficacy of essence oil supplementation

to feeds on volatile fatty acid production. Revista Médico Veterinario Zootecnista

Córdoba, 20 (Supl.),4884–4894. https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.4

Temmar, R., Rodríguez-Prado, M., Forgeard, G., Rougier, C., & Calsamiglia, S. (2021). Interactions

among natural active ingredients to improve the efficiency of rumen fermentation in

vitro. Animals, 11, 1205, https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11051205

Tipu, M., Akhtar, M., & Raja, M. (2006). New dimension of medicinal plants as animal feed. Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 26(3), 144-148. http://pvj.com.pk/pdf-

files/26_3/page%20144-148.pdf

Trombete, F., Dos Santos, R., & Souza, A. (2014). Antibiotic residues in Brazilian milk: a review of

studies published in recent years. Revista Chilena de Nutrición, 41(2),191-197.

https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-75182014000200010

Urrutia, N., & Harvatine, K. (2017). Acetate dose-dependently stimulates milk fat synthesis in

lactating dairy cows. The Journal of Nutrition, 147(5), 763–769.

https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.116.245001

Valenzuela, N., Pinell, A., Muhlia, A., Domínguez, D., & González, H. (2017). Dietary inclusion

effects of phytochemicals as growth promoters in animal production. Journal of

Animal Science and Technology, 59(8). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40781-017-0133-9.

Valero, M., Farias, M., Zawadzki, F., Prado, R., Fugita, C., Rivaroli, D., Ornaghi, M., & Prado, I.

(2016). Feeding propolis or essential oils (cashew and castor) to bulls: Performance,

digestibility, and blood cell counts. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias, 29(1),

33–42. https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.v29n1a04.

Wall, E., Doane, P., Donkin, S., & Bravo. D. (2014). The effects of supplementation with a blend of

cinnamaldehyde and eugenol on feed intake and milk production of dairy cows.

Journal of Dairy Science. 97(9): 5709–5717. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2014-7896.

Wood, S. (2011) Fast stable restricted maximum likelihood and marginal likelihood estimation of semiparametric generalized linear models. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society (B) 73(1):3-36. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9868.2010.00749.x

Zhou, M., Xu, L., Zhao, F., & Liu, H. (2021) Regulation of milk protein synthesis by free and peptide-

bound amino acids in dairy cows. Biology 10, 1044.

https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10101044.

Published

2025-10-12

How to Cite

WingChing-Jones, R., & Salas-Mata, D. (2025). Milk production and quality of a Jersey herd supplemented with a phytogenic additive. UNED Research Journal, 17(1), e5912. https://doi.org/10.22458/urj.v17i1.5912

Issue

Section

Articles

Similar Articles

<< < 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.