Chemical composition of essential oils of the tree Melaleuca quinquenervia (Myrtaceae) cultivated in Costa Rica

Chemical composition of essential oils of the tree Melaleuca quinquenervia (Myrtaceae) cultivated in Costa Rica

Authors

  • José F. Cicció Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica. San José, 11501-2060 Costa Rica and Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4550-2090
  • Carlos Chaverri Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica. San José, 11501-2060 Costa Rica and Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0260-994X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22458/urj.v13i1.3327

Keywords:

Melaleuca quinquenervia, essential oils, 1,8-cineole, viridiflorol, α-pinene

Abstract

Introduction: Melaleuca is a Myrtaceous genus of flowering plants of about 290 species, distributed throughout Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Australia, and New Caledonia. Objective: To identify the chemical composition of the essential oils from leaves, twigs and fruits of M. quinquenervia cultivated as ornamental in Costa Rica. Methods: The essential oils were obtained through the steam distillation process in a Clevenger type apparatus. The chemical composition of the oils was done by GC-FID and GC-MS, using the retention indices on a DB-5 type capillary column in addition to mass spectral fragmentation patterns. Results: The essential oils consisted mainly of terpenoids (88,2-96,6%). A total of 88 compounds were identified, accounting for 93.1-97.0% of the total amount of the oils. The major constituents from the leaf oil were 1,8-cineole (31,5%), viridiflorol (21,7%), and α-pinene (17,9%). The fruit essential oil consisted mainly of viridiflorol (42,1%), α-pinene (15,0%), limonene (6,4%), α-humulene (4,7%), β-caryophyllene (3,9%), and 1,8-cineole (3,4%). The major components of twigs oil were viridiflorol (66,0%), and 1,10-di-epi-cubenol (4,0%). Conclusion: The plants introduced in Costa Rica belong to chemotype II whose oils contain as major constituents 1,8-cineole and viridiflorol, and it suggest that the original plants were brought from southern Queensland or northern New South Wales (Australia) or from New Caledonia.

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Published

2021-04-21

How to Cite

Cicció, J. F., & Chaverri, C. . (2021). Chemical composition of essential oils of the tree Melaleuca quinquenervia (Myrtaceae) cultivated in Costa Rica. UNED Research Journal, 13(1), e3327. https://doi.org/10.22458/urj.v13i1.3327

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