Factores asociados con discapacidad en actividades básicas e instrumentales de la vida diaria en residentes de Costa Rica de 60 años y más
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22458/urj.v14i1.3838Palabras clave:
Discapacidad, factores, actividades de la vida diaria, actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria, personas mayoresResumen
Introducción: La discapacidad se ha considerado como una dificultad para realizar actividades necesarias para la vida. Objetivo: Identificar los factores asociados a la discapacidad en actividades básicas e instrumentales de la vida diaria en personas de 60 años y más residentes en Costa Rica. Métodos: El estudio incluyó 2238 personas participantes en el proyecto Costa Rica: Estudio de Longevidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CRELES). Se estimaron modelos de regresión logística y se calcularon odds ratios con el fin de identificar los factores asociados a la discapacidad. Resultados: Los factores que influyen en la discapacidad en actividades de la vida diaria combinadas están la presencia de dolor, la no realización de actividad física y la proteína C reactiva. Los factores de mayor impacto en las actividades básicas fueron la presencia de dolor, la no realización de actividad física y la presencia de enfermedad crónica. En el caso de las actividades instrumentales la actividad física, la salud autoevaluada negativa y el dolor tuvieron el mayor impacto. Además, padecimientos como la diabetes afectan tanto las actividades básicas como las instrumentales. Conclusiones: El dolor, la no realización de actividad física, la salud autoevaluada y otros factores sociodemográficos provocan dificultades funcionales que afectan la calidad de vida de las personas de 60 y más.
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