Composición química y propiedades biológicas de la hierbabuena, Mentha spicata, con fertilización tradicional y orgánica

Composición química y propiedades biológicas de la hierbabuena, Mentha spicata, con fertilización tradicional y orgánica

Autores/as

  • Diego Ariel Meloni Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias, INDEAS, Av. Belgrano (S) 1912, Santiago del Estero, Argentina http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9869-3455
  • José Aliçandro Bezerra da Silva Universidade Federal do Vale São Francisco, Av. Antônio Carlos Magalhães 510, Juazeiro, BA, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7189-2673
  • Anahí Bordón Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias, INDEAS, Av. Belgrano (S) 1912, Santiago del Estero, Argentina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5679-424X
  • Julia Andrea Lescano Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias, INDEAS, Av. Belgrano (S) 1912, Santiago del Estero, Argentina http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1960-9938
  • Rosa Elizabeth Beltrán Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias, INDEAS, Av. Belgrano (S) 1912, Santiago del Estero, Argentina http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8068-219X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22458/urj.v13i2.3692

Palabras clave:

carvona, polifenoles, actividad antioxidante, plantas medicinales, vermicompost

Resumen

Introducción: La hierbabuena (Mentha spicata) es muy usada en las industrias farmacéutica y alimentaria, gracias a sus propiedades químicas influenciadas en gran medida por factores genéticos y ambientales, especialmente las condiciones del suelo. Objetivo: Determinar el efecto de la fertilización convencional y orgánica sobre las propiedades químicas y biológicas de M. spicata. Métodos: Hicimos ensayos de campo en un diseño experimental de bloques al azar, con cuatro repeticiones, utilizando cultivos no fertilizados y cultivos fertilizados con urea (0,15 t ha-1) o vermicompost (5 y 10 t ha-1). Resultados: Todos los tratamientos de fertilización aumentaron el rendimiento de aceite esencial, el contenido de carvonas y la concentración total de polifenoles, con respecto al control. También aumentaron la capacidad antioxidante y la actividad inhibidora de las enzimas acetilcolinesterasa, butirilcolinesterasa, α-amilasa y α-glicosidasa. El efecto fue más marcado en el cultivo fertilizado con 5 t ha-1 de vermicompost. Conclusiones: Tanto el abono tradicional como el orgánico aumentan el rendimiento y la calidad de los aceites esenciales de M. spicata. Sin embargo, la fertilización orgánica con 5 t ha-1 de vermicompost produce ricos polifenoles totales y carvonas. Esto mejora las propiedades antioxidantes y medicinales, actuando sobre las enzimas relacionadas con la enfermedad de Alzheimer y la diabetes.

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Publicado

2021-10-29

Cómo citar

Meloni, D. A., Bezerra da Silva, J. A. ., Bordón, A., Lescano, J. A. ., & Beltrán, R. E. . (2021). Composición química y propiedades biológicas de la hierbabuena, Mentha spicata, con fertilización tradicional y orgánica. UNED Research Journal, 13(2), e3692. https://doi.org/10.22458/urj.v13i2.3692

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