Evaluación del bienestar de pollos con el protocolo Welfare Quality® Project a nivel comercial en Costa Rica

Evaluación del bienestar de pollos con el protocolo Welfare Quality® Project a nivel comercial en Costa Rica

Autores/as

  • Rebeca Zamora Sanabria Universidad de Costa Rica, Escuela de Zootecnia, Centro de Investigación en Nutrición Animal (CINA), Ciudad Universitaria Rodrigo Facio, San José Costa Rica https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9679-4647
  • Jorge Camacho Salazar Universidad Nacional, Posgrado Regional en Ciencias Veterinarias Tropicales, Campus Omar Dengo, Heredia, Costa Rica https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5259-7468
  • María del Pilar Castañeda Serrano Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Centro de Enseñanza, Investigación y Extensión en Producción Avícola CEIEPAv, Tláhuac, Ciudad de México, México https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5017-9393
  • Jorge Elizondo Salazar Universidad de Costa Rica, Escuela de Zootecnia, Estación Experimental Alfredo Volio Mata, Ciudad Universitaria Rodrigo Facio, San José, Costa Rica https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2603-9635

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22458/urj.v13i2.3682

Palabras clave:

Bienestar animal, pollo de engorde, comportamiento, salud, estabulación, alimentación

Resumen

Introducción: Medir el bienestar de las aves bajo condiciones comerciales intensivas es complejo. El tipo de alojamiento, la naturaleza del estímulo, el tipo y tiempo de exposición, la edad, el sexo, el tiempo que tarda la evaluación y las diferencias individuales afectan los resultados. Objetivo: Evaluar el bienestar animal bajo condiciones intensivas, en galeras con ventilación natural y con ambiente controlado mediante el protocolo Welfare Quality® Project (2009). Métodos: Evaluamos 22 granjas comerciales diferentes, 11 galeras con ambiente controlado y 11 galeras con ventilación natural durante el 2018 y 2019. Se aplicó el protocolo Welfare Quality® Project con modificación en el principio de buena salud, por el método de transectos. Para cada criterio, aplicamos diferentes pruebas que transformamos en calificaciones mediante fórmulas proporcionadas por el instrumento denominado Spline funtions Welfare Quality®. Resultados: El 54% de las granjas obtuvo calificaciones excelentes y el 46% se calificaron como buenas. Las puntuaciones más bajas las obtuvimos en las pruebas de calidad de la cama, porcentaje de cojeras, porcentaje de pododermatitis y en la prueba cualitativa de comportamiento. Encontramos diferencias estadísticamente significativas p≤0,05 entre galeras abiertas con ventilación natural y de ambiente controlado, en la calidad de la cama, porcentaje de cojeras, densidad y ausencia prolongada de hambre. Conclusiones: Todas las granjas evaluadas, en ambos sistemas de alojamiento, propiciaron el bienestar de los pollos de acuerdo con el protocolo Welfare Quality® Project.

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Publicado

2021-11-30

Cómo citar

Zamora Sanabria, R., Camacho Salazar, J., Castañeda Serrano, M. del P., & Elizondo Salazar, J. (2021). Evaluación del bienestar de pollos con el protocolo Welfare Quality® Project a nivel comercial en Costa Rica. UNED Research Journal, 13(2), e3682. https://doi.org/10.22458/urj.v13i2.3682

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