Crecimiento, fotosíntesis y estrés oxidativo del árbol Prosopis nigra (Fabaceae) en deriva simulada de glifosato

Crecimiento, fotosíntesis y estrés oxidativo del árbol Prosopis nigra (Fabaceae) en deriva simulada de glifosato

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22458/urj.v13i1.3170

Palabras clave:

Algarrobo negro, Herbicidas, Fotosíntesis, Antioxidantes, Ecofisiología

Resumen

Introducción: el algarrobo negro (P. nigra) es un árbol nativo de la región fitogeográfica del Chaco Occidental, afectada por la aplicación de glifosato en los cultivos circundantes. Objetivo: Determinar el impacto de la deriva simulada del glifosato, sobre el crecimiento, la fotosíntesis y el estrés oxidativo en plantines de P. nigra. Métodos: Se simuló la deriva en plantines, con dosis de 0, 200, 400 y 800 g a.e. ha-1 de glifosato. También medimos intercambio gaseoso y emisión de fluorescencia modulada de la clorofila a. Resultados: El glifosato redujo la biomasa, la tasa fotosintética, y la conductancia estomática. Las dosis de 400 y 800 g a.e. ha-1 glifosato produjeron fotoinhibición. La tasa de transporte de electrones fue muy sensible al glifosato, y disminuyó en todas las dosis del herbicida. El glifosato generó estrés oxidativo, y produjo daño en membranas, debido a la acumulación de H2O2 y O2.-. Conclusiones: El glifosato reduce el crecimiento y la fotosíntesis en estos plantines. La inhibición de la fotosíntesis se debe al cierre estomático, y alteraciones en la etapa fotoquímica, asociadas al estrés oxidativo.

Citas

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Publicado

2021-03-05

Cómo citar

Meloni, D. A., & Inés Bolzón, G. (2021). Crecimiento, fotosíntesis y estrés oxidativo del árbol Prosopis nigra (Fabaceae) en deriva simulada de glifosato. UNED Research Journal, 13(1), e3170. https://doi.org/10.22458/urj.v13i1.3170

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