Male sexual tourism in Costa Rica: team spirit, peer dialogue and gender roles in a large sample of Internet forum posts

Male sexual tourism in Costa Rica: team spirit, peer dialogue and gender roles in a large sample of Internet forum posts

Authors

  • Julián Monge-Nájera Universidad Estatal a Distancia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22458/urj.v8i2.1563

Keywords:

Gender interactions in sex work, Latin American sexuality, prostitution, internet culture

Abstract

 There are few scientific studies about sexual tourism in Costa Rica. The most important study about male tourists, done by Megan Rivers-Moore, presented a series of hypotheses. Here I analyze all forum posts in the InternationalSexGuide.info from 2002 through 2015, and compare them with Rivers-Moore’s hypotheses, the Intimacy Prism categories of Milrod and Weitzer and with female sex tourists (as reported in the literature). The 4 409 reports show that men interact in peer dialogues in which they mostly advise each other about how to get a satisfactory visit to Costa Rica: a visit that includes paid sex but is not limited to it. While sex working women have little interaction among themselves, these men feel part of a group and exchange useful information. The desire for a Girl Friend Experience, though not predominant, is frequent and fits biological adaptations for mate interactions among humans. Male tourists mostly make short visits in which they try to meet a few women and then focus on those that make the best impression. A few evolve into complex relationships that include emotional commitment. Despite the financial disparity between men and women, traditional gender roles underlie the relationships of both male and female tourists, probably reflecting a complex combination biological and cultural factors.

 

Author Biography

Julián Monge-Nájera, Universidad Estatal a Distancia

Laboratorio de Ecología Urbana, Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Universidad Estatal a Distancia, 2050 San José, Costa Rica;

 

References

Archer B. (1994). Demand Forecasting and Estimation. In B. Ritchie, & C. Goeldner, Travel, Tourism and Hospitality Research. New York: John Wiley.

Bart P B. (1981). A study of women who were both raped and avoided rape. Journal of Social Issues, 37(4), 123–137.

Blevins KR and Holt TJ. (2009). Examining the Virtual Subculture of Johns. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 38 (5), 619-648.

Clutton-Brock T H and Huchard E. (2013). Social competition and selection in males and females. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 368 (1631), 1-15.

Diamond J. (2007). The Third Chimpanzee: The Evolution and Future of the Human Animal. New York: Harper Collins.

Foubert J D. (2000). The longitudinal effects of a rape prevention program on fraternity men’s attitudes, behavioral intent, and behavior. Journal of American College Health, 48, 158-163.

Frohlick S. (2007). Fluid Exchanges: The Negotiation of Intimacy between Tourist Women and Local Men in a Transnational Town in Caribbean Costa Rica. City & Society, 19 (1), 139-168.

Jacobs J. (2009). Have sex will travel: romantic “sex tourism” and women negotianting modernity in the Sinai. Gender, Place and Culture, 16 (1), 43-61.

Katz S and Mazur MA. (1979). Undertanding the rape victim: a synthesis of research findings. New York: John Wiley.

Leigh BC. (1987). Beliefs about the effect of alcohol on self and others. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 48, 467-475.

Millward J. (2011). Dirty Words: A Probing Analysis of 5000 Call Girl Reviews. Available at: http://goo.gl/XaMqB (accessed 28 July 2015).

Milrod C and Weitzer R. (2012). The Intimacy Prism: Emotion Management among the Clients of Escorts. Men and Masculinities, 00 (0), 1-21.

Monge-Nájera J, Rojas Campos R, Morales Bonilla R and Ramírez I. (2009). Trabajo sexual femenino en la ciudad de San José, Costa Rica: un enfoque sociobiológico al iniciarse el siglo XXI. UNED Research Journal, 1(1), 27-31.

Monge-Nájera J and Vega K. (2012). The relationship between homicides reported by printed media and official records in Costa Rica, and a test of the Duntley-Buss Biological Model of Murder. UNED Research Journal, 4(1), 93-99.

Monge-Nájera J, Vega K and Gonzalez-Lutz M I. (2013). Presentation of sex work in two Costa Rican newspapers: a multivariate analysis of the roles of patriarchal prejudice and reporter gender. UNED Research Journal, 5(2), 325-331.

Pinzone-Glover H, Gidycz C A and Jacobs C D. (1998). An acquaintance rape prevention program: Effects on attitudes towards women, rape-related attitudes and perceptions of rape scenarios. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 22, 605-621.

Phoenix A and Woollett A. (1991). Motherhood: Meanings, Practices and Ideologies: Sage, London.

Pruitt D and La Font S. (1995). For love and money: Romance tourism in Jamaica. Annals of Tourism Research, 22 (2), 422–440.

Rivers –Moore M. (2009). Getting ahead in gringo gulch: transnational sex tourism in Costa Rica. PhD Thesis, University of Cambridge, UK.

Rivers-Moore M. (2010). But the kids are okay: motherhood, consumption and sex work in neo-liberal Latin America. British Journal of Sociology, 61(4), 716–736.

Rivers-Moore, M. (2012). Almighty gringos: masculinity and value in sex tourism. Sexualities, 15 (7), 850–870.

Rivers-Moore M. (2013a). Affective sex: Beauty, race and nation in the sex industry. Feminist Theory, 14( 2), 153-169.

Rivers-Moore M. (2013b). Imagining Others: Sex, Race, and Power in Transnational Sex Tourism. ACME, 10 (3), 392-411.

Romero-Daza N and Freidus A. (2008). Female tourists, casual sex, and HIV risk in Costa Rica. Qualitative Sociology, 31(2),169-187.

Rojas Campos R, Monge-Nájera J, Ramírez Sánchez I and Morales Bonilla R. (2009). El mercado del trabajo sexual femenino en la ciudad de San José, Costa Rica. UNED Research Journal, 1(1), 13-25.

Ryan C and Kinder R (1996) Sex, tourism and sex tourism: fulfilling similar needs? Tourism Management, 17 (7), 507–518.

Sánchez Taylor Jacqueline. (2006). Female sex tourism: a contradiction in terms? Feminist Review, 83 (1), 42-59.

Sanchis E. (2008). La ponencia sobre la prostitución en España. Claves de razón práctica, 187, 18-24.

Sanchis E. (2011). Prostitución voluntaria o forzada: una contribución al debate. Papers, 96(3), 915-936.

Schifter J. (1998). Lila’s House: Male Prostitution in Latin America: Routledge.

Silva T, e Cunha M P, Clegg S R, Neves P, Rego A and Rodrigues R A (2014) Smells like team spirit: Opening a paradoxical black box. Human Relations, 67(3), 287-310.

Van Vugt M and Iredale W (2012) Men Behaving Nicely: Public Goods as Peacock Tails. British Journal of Psychology 104 (1): 3-13.

Weitzer R. (2009a). Legalizing Prostitution Morality Politics in Western Australia. British Journal of Criminology, 49(1), 88-105.

Weitzer R. (2009b). Sociology of Sex Work. Annual Review of Sociology, 35, 213-234.

Weitzer R (2010) The Mythology of Prostitution: Advocacy Research and Public Policy. Sexuality Research and Social Policy 7(1): 15-29.

Weitzer R and Oselin SS. (2013). Organizations working on behalf of prostitutes: An analysis of goals, practices, and strategies. Sexualities, 16 (3/4), 445-466

Williams EL. (2012). Sex Tourism. In: The Wiley-Blackwell Encyclopedia of Globalization. New York, Wiley.

Downloads

Published

2016-10-12

How to Cite

Monge-Nájera, J. (2016). Male sexual tourism in Costa Rica: team spirit, peer dialogue and gender roles in a large sample of Internet forum posts. UNED Research Journal, 8(2), 207–216. https://doi.org/10.22458/urj.v8i2.1563

Issue

Section

Articles
Loading...