Innovaciones Educativas

Relationships between frequentist and theoretical probability through a random experiment simulation from the theory of didactic situations.

Roberto Muñoz Sepulveda — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0600

This research aims to characterize how students relate frequentist probability to theoretical probability in a didactic situation that uses a simulator of random experiments. The Theory of Didactic Situations (Brousseau, 2007) was chosen for both the design and the construction and analysis of a class. The methodology consists of a qualitative approach that analyzes the results according to the phases of the Theory of Didactic Situations, identifying the arguments established by students based on different probabilistic meanings. The classroom proposal was implemented in a seventh-grade basic education class at a private school located in the city of Valparaíso, Chile. The activity was divided into five parts, from a recreational instance posed through initial bets about what is in a bag with tokens, to the institutionalization of the law of large numbers. The results showed that most working pairs, when addressing the problem, based their strategies primarily on intuitive and frequentist approaches; however, some students validated their results using arguments associated with both frequentist and theoretical approaches to probability. In relation to this, one of the conclusions is that the frequentist results obtained were validated using the theoretical approach.

El doblaje de vídeos como estrategia para reducir los niveles de ansiedad al hablar en lenguas extranjeras

Tamara Fuentealba Jiménez, Angie Quintanilla Espinoza — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0600

La presente investigación intenta describir la influencia del proceso de doblaje de videos para reducir los niveles de ansiedad al hablar de los estudiantes de primaria en el aula de inglés como lengua extranjera (EFL). La intervención constó de 5 sesiones donde los estudiantes trabajaron en parejas
practicando la lectura en voz alta del diálogo de una escena cinematográfica, utilizando el video como insumo para el doblaje intralingüístico, para finalmente grabar y sincronizar sus voces con la escena. Los participantes de este estudio fueron 8 estudiantes chilenos de 8º grado que fueron seleccionados por sus
altos niveles de ansiedad al hablar en el aula de EFL. Para analizar el efecto de esta estrategia se realizó una escala Likert, entrevistas semiestructuradas y observaciones. Los hallazgos revelaron que el proceso de
doblaje contribuyó a disminuir los niveles de ansiedad al hablar de los participantes, declarando sentirse
más seguros, menos nerviosos y más dispuestos a participar en el aula de EFL, concluyendo que esta estrategia ha demostrado ser efectiva para este propósito.

Audio stories as a didactic tool in the musical education of children, with a focus on the UNED course Music for Preschoolers

Alonso Armando Arias Arce — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0600

The purpose of developing an audio story guide for the Music for the Preschooler course at the Universidad Estatal a Distancia de Costa Rica was to find a solution to the areas of improvement identified in other terms and to respond more clearly to the doubts of the students. The aim of the guide was to accompany the students step by step in order to establish the narrative and sound categories that are essential for the elaboration of an audio story. Resources such as a self-assessment rubric, a questionnaire, and the guide in PDF and graphic formats were provided. A qualitative methodology was used to generate descriptive data to determine the usefulness of the guide. A total of 89 Music for the Preschooler students were trained using the guide. The results were positive and the students agreed on its usefulness. However, problems of coherence between sound and narrative were still present when the audio stories were analyzed. It was concluded that it is important to implement the audio story guide to facilitate the writing and the choice of sounds. Furthermore, it is urgent to promote spaces for students to develop audio stories in groups. Finally, this is an opportunity to update the didactic unit and to train teachers in the use of this innovative didactic tool.

Ecoformative Pedagogical Strategies in Higher Education: Experiences at the Castro Carazo University (Costa Rica)

María del Carmen Acuña Rodríguez — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0600

Ecoformation is understood as a life philosophy that promotes harmony in individuals' relationships with themselves, other living beings (human and nonhuman) and the planet. The general objective of this study, based on the experience of the University of Castro Carazo (Costa Rica), was to analyze the application of ecotraining in university teaching. The specific objectives were to identify the epistemological changes needed to implement Ecotraining and to compile the pedagogical strategies used by the faculty to implement it. The work presents tools for teachers and universities that want to use eco-training to respond to a planetary need: to act in the face of the crisis of the human being and the environment. Methodologically, a qualitative approach with a case study design was selected. A combination of semi-structured interviews and an anonymous virtual questionnaire was used, with the participation of a total of 120 people: teachers, administrators and university authorities. In total, 85 pedagogical practices were captured. The analysis of the results was carried out by means of eight categories defined a posteriori on the basis of the results (for each category, the number of examples mentioned is indicated in parenthesis): Different perspective on the educational act (11), emphasis on learning (9) and on the students as persons (11), planetary awareness as an axis or theme of the students' work (19), contextualized application of the careers or professions for which the student body is being trained (14), authentic assessment of learning (14), inclusion of playful activities in the courses (7), and use of technological tools (10). For each category, the examples provided by the participants are listed. In conclusion, it is necessary to transform the vision of the educational act and its elements to be coherent with eco-training, including planetary awareness. Furthermore, although the context of study is higher education, it is considered that the results can be applied to other educational levels and contexts.

Analysis of the teaching strategies used by middle school teachers in Costa Rica on the topic of electronic configuration

Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0600

This research analyzed the didactic strategies used by middle school education chemistry teachers in Costa Rica when addressing the topic of electronic configuration. The study was conducted under a mixed-methods approach, predominantly qualitative, using a concurrent embedded design (QUAL, quan). Information was collected during September and October 2021 using a questionnaire directed at teachers, a survey aimed at students, and the focus group technique. The studied population included 10 teachers and 150 students from four public educational institutions in Costa Rica (Liceo Fernando Volio, Liceo Laboratorio de Liberia, Liceo UNESCO, and Liceo Diurno de Río Frío). It was found that during the pedagogical mediation, students experienced positive emotional states (motivation, excitement, fun) and negative ones (tension, confusion), which affected the teaching-learning process. A high percentage of students reported understanding the topic of electronic configuration and perceived the purpose of the strategies used. It was concluded that the conceptual mastery of teachers when addressing the topic of electronic configuration was adequate and that the most commonly used didactic strategies lacked dynamic components. Additionally, it was concluded that dynamic didactic strategies (use of simulators, applications, and web platforms, among others) are considered appropriate for improving the teaching-learning process, but their implementation is limited by the lack of training and the time constraints faced by teachers.

Active Methods to Promote Reading in High School

María Ayala Campoverde, Edgar Loyola Illescas — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0600

From a hedonistic perspective, reading can bring pleasure to the reader, depending on the attitude he or she adopts toward the text. In the field of education, the teaching of literature should be oriented to the development of aesthetic and reflective attitudes at all educational levels. Therefore, this study aims to implement a pedagogical proposal based on active methodologies to encourage the reading of literary works in first and second year high school students of the Gabriel Arsenio Ullauri School during the school year 2022-2023. The research approach was mixed and the methods used were inductive-deductive, analytical-synthetic and hypothetical-deductive. After the application of the reading plan sessions, it was found that the students' evaluation of the reading activities in Language and Literature changed from somewhat interesting to very interesting, with the highest rating. In addition, the relationship between the experiences and the texts read gained relevance during the classroom practice. This change is supported by the degree of agreement that the teachers maintained in the two diagnostic processes regarding the incorporation of new methodologies to promote reading. Finally, for future studies in the same line of research, it is recommended to consider the entire population of high school students in order to obtain results from the population sample absent in this article.

Approach to Active Methodologies in Virtual Learning Environments in the Context of UNED from the Perspective of Teachers

Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0600

The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated the need to incorporate digital platforms into the teaching and learning process in order to guarantee the continuity of academic training. Based on this reality, the Universidad Estatal a Distancia de Costa Rica opted for an online modality to cope with the new situation. This process has been a challenge for the faculty, which has had to rethink teaching strategies in virtual learning environments, in line with the pedagogical model of the university and distance education. In view of this, research with qualitative approach and phenomenological design was proposed to analyze how the faculty of the Chair of Preschool Child Development has managed to incorporate active methodologies in their pedagogical and media practice. The results showed that teachers have approached active methodologies such as project-based and problem-based learning, case studies and cooperative learning through the didactic strategies implemented in this chair. However, it is necessary to promote training spaces related to this topic to fill some gaps in the planning, implementation and evaluation of these methodologies in virtual learning environments.

Developing Leadership Skills in the Academic Community: An Institutional Staff Perspective

Carolina Cortez Schall — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0600

The university deserves to consider the development of competencies necessary for transformation. The objective of this paper is to describe the development of leadership competencies in academic training at the River Plate University Institute (2021-22).

The analysis is configured from the hermeneutic phenomenology of the social sciences, through the interpretation of the webs of meaning in the university. It is a study with a critical and unique character, through a purposive sampling of 12 people, where interviews, focus groups and institutional documents are analyzed. The model of educational leadership competencies in this work considers: Strategic thinking, learning management, relationship with people and creating and animating organizational structures. As a result, the development of institutional leadership competencies is characterized by presenting characteristics of greater permeability due to its proximity to its genesis. This gives it a more flexible basis in the face of high bureaucracy and less resistance to changes and innovations that emerge for the improvement of education. It is concluded that the perspective of the academic community represents a recognition of the efforts and work carried out through strategic objectives in the search for the improvement of educational quality, growth, development of its areas and institutional expansion.

Official speech of the Effective Access and Support Program for Higher Education (PACE, as it is abbreviated in Spanish): formation of university students

Denisse Espinosa-Valenzuela, Carlos Rodríguez Garcés — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0600

This research aims to examine the meanings constructed from the official discourse of the "PACE" program in the university education of vulnerable students. To achieve this, a qualitative approach is used to review six Chilean ministerial documents related to the PACE Program, finding among the main findings that the PACE Program stands out for rhetorically articulating around five content categories. Based on these results, the conclusions emphasize the importance of considering the restrictions and distortions that a demand-driven funding model imposes on the actual implementation of an ethically inspired affirmative action policy, such as PACE.

Teleworking of School Libraries Belonging to the Regional Directorate of Heredia, Circuit 04 During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Ana Priscilla Ruiz Bustos — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0600

Librarians had to adapt teleworking to school libraries in order to support the educational center in the learning process of students.

This study was carried out in 2020 with librarians of school libraries of Circuit 04 of the Regional Directorate of Heredia.

The research design was carried out by means of a questionnaire applied in the first quarter of 2020 to librarians from six educational centers that have a formal code for libraries of Circuit 04 of the Regional Directorate of the province of Heredia.

It was found that virtual platforms are fundamental for direct communication between students, teachers and librarians. The different tasks performed by those who worked in school libraries during the pandemic were also identified. The use of technological tools to develop school library activities was a challenge.

Opiniones de los profesores sobre la aplicación de la educación combinada durante la pandemia en Costa Rica

Jonathan Elizondo-Mejías, Patricia López-Estrada, Estefanía Pérez-Hidalgo — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0600

La pandemia del COVID-19 transformó cada sistema educativo alrededor del mundo. Casi un año

después de que la pandemia golpeara Costa Rica y la educación pública presencial fuera sustituida por un modelo de educación a distancia, el Ministerio de Educación Pública decidió implementar un modelo de educación combinada para el 2021, usando clases remotas y presenciales en el que el estudiantado alternara la asistencia a la escuela. El estudio, llevado a cabo en la Dirección Regional de Educación Norte-Norte de Costa Rica; específicamente los cantones de Upala y Guatuso, tuvo como propósito describir las opiniones de seis docentes de inglés de primaria sobre la educación combinada profundizar en la comprensión de la mediación pedagógica y el entorno laboral durante la crisis sanitaria. Este estudio utilizó un enfoque de investigación cualitativa inductiva con un diseño de estudio de caso con datos obtenidos y triangulados mediante entrevistas, recolección de documentos y foto elicitación; el análisis de los datos se llevó a cabo mediante el software ATLAS.ti. A pesar de una implementación teórica de dos modalidades combinadas, los docentes experimentaron múltiples modalidades debido a la asistencia irregular a las clases presenciales y virtuales, la poca conectividad a internet y la decisión de las familias a no enviar a sus hijos a la escuela. También, la gestión educativa y escolar jugaron un rol fundamental en la mediación pedagógica y en la percepción de descontextualización y sobrecarga laboral.

Análisis psicométrico del inventario de estrategias metacognitivas en estudiantes universitarios de la ciudad de Arequipa, Perú

Walter Lizandro Arias Gallegos, Renzo Rivera Calcina, Luciana Monroy Valdivia — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0600

Esta investigación psicométrica analizó la estructura interna y la confiabilidad del Inventario de Estrategias Metacognitivas de O'Neil y Abedi (1996) en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios de Perú. Para ello, se tomó una muestra intencional de 404 estudiantes de una universidad privada de la ciudad de Arequipa, de los cuales el 54,5% eran varones con una edad promedio de 19 años. Se aplicó la versión de la prueba validada por Vallejos et al. (2012), la cual tiene una estructura de tres factores: autoconciencia, autorregulación y evaluación. Para calcular la validez del instrumento se utilizó el análisis factorial confirmatorio, y para calcular la fiabilidad se emplearon la prueba alfa de Cronbach y la prueba omega de McDonald. Los resultados confirmaron la estructura trifactorial, pero sólo la primera dimensión obtuvo índices de fiabilidad adecuados.

Summer School: Learning from a Teaching Practice from a Social Justice Perspective

Gianina Dávila Balcarce, Iciar Dufraix Tapia — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0600

The social outbreak that occurred in Chile in October 2019 interrupted the teaching in schools and, collaterally, the pedagogical practices of teachers in training. This motivated the implementation, in January 2020, of a summer school as an unconventional practice process in the initial teacher training programme of a public university in northern Chile, grouping all formative levels. The aims of this article are: a) to evaluate the process carried out during the design, implementation and evaluation of the summer school, and b) to analyse the pedagogical experience in terms of its contribution to an education in and for social justice of recognition and participatory equality. The methodology used was qualitative, taking into account the opinions of the teachers and students who participated in the summer school. The main findings show that the summer school favoured the construction of diverse learning linked to the pedagogical task and was constituted as a formative experience that promoted relationships based on affection, equal treatment, social esteem and collective participation. In conclusion, it is urgent to promote reflection on the practical processes in initial teacher training, as well as the protagonism of future teachers and the target community.

Practices and causes of cyber plagiarism among Peruvian university students

Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0600

La influencia de las tecnologías de la información en la educación superior ha facilitado el acceso a la información propiciando casos de ciberplagio. Por lo que este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar las prácticas y causas del ciberplagio entre personas estudiantes universitarias, analizando diferencias según sexo, edad, tipo de universidad y área profesional de estudio. Se aplicó un cuestionario a 584 estudiantes de una provincia en el centro del Perú. Los resultados indican que las principales formas de ciberplagio incluyen la presentación de trabajos con fragmentos copiados de sitios web y recursos en línea, el uso inadecuado del parafraseo sin respetar la propiedad intelectual y la reproducción de información sin citar las fuentes. Las causas principales se atribuyen tanto a estudiantes (falta de tiempo y desconocimiento de normas de citación) como a docentes (exceso de tareas asignadas y falta de rigor en la evaluación). El análisis por variables muestra diferencias significativas en cuanto a la edad, siendo el estudiantado de 20-22 años quienes más frecuentemente incurren en ciberplagio. Estos hallazgos sugieren la necesidad de abordar las causas subyacentes del plagio académico e implementar medidas preventivas y correctivas en el ámbito universitario para fomentar la ética de la información y la integridad académica.

Editorial: Pedagogical Strategies and Practices for Learning in Dynamic Environments

Jensy Campos-Céspedes — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0600

Case Analysis and Gamification: Implementing Active Methods and Strategies for Teaching Innovation

Felipe Sandoval Torres, Andrés Seguel-Arriagada — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0600

Industrial civil engineering is a profession with a very solid scientific base. In Chile, it has begun to innovate the educational curricula with a curriculum based on competencies and learning outcomes. This has led academic institutions to adapt their methodologies and teaching strategies to improve professional training. In this context, the pedagogical systematization was based on a case analysis methodology with gamification strategies. The objective was to determine the effect of case analysis with gamification strategies as a didactic approach for teaching the concepts of innovation, competitiveness, entrepreneurship and creativity. Thirty-two students from Section B of the Innovation Management course participated. A didactic sequence of eight sessions was proposed, with a number of cases that were representative of the subject matter. To analyze the results, an analytical rubric was designed and validated, using the Course Experience Questionnaire (CEQ) adapted to the Chilean context by Marchant, Fauré and Abricot (2016). The results show, among other things, that students achieve the expected achievements for the curricular activity in a satisfactory manner when they encounter difficulties in the generic elements of the education. Regarding the formative experience and the dimensions evaluated, the students consider that the formative experience included quality teaching, that the proposed objectives were clear and achievable, and that the evaluation instruments were appropriate. In conclusion, the proposal of a didactic sequence with an active methodology improves academic performance and motivation.

Tourist rally: a gamified learning experience for an in-person educational tour

Carlene Hooper Simpson, Ricardo Osorno-Fallas — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0600

The article shows how gamification methodology can transform educational experiences in an academic discipline with a strong practical component. The course "Technology Applied to Tourism" is a hybrid course that is part of the Diploma in Sustainable Tourism Management, offered by the Chair of Tourist Entrepreneurship at the Universidad Estatal a Distancia de Costa Rica (UNED). It has been offered since 2020, using active learning in combination with gamification methodology, educational rallies, and technological tools. The objective was to systematize the experience of using digital applications and gamification methodology, including the rally technique, to conceive innovative teaching strategies that enhance student participation and active learning during in-person tours. A qualitative descriptive approach was implemented for the recording and retrieval of data for this systematization. Additionally, a Google Forms® questionnaire directed at students was used, integrating both open and closed questions. The teaching staff utilized a log developed in Microsoft Word®, which established criteria for relevance and representativeness to showcase the systematization of the experience; the UNESCO approach was utilized. The main conclusion is that the rally promotes teamwork and active participation, as well as encourages local tourism. For future research, it is suggested to explore other didactic strategies that provide innovative guidelines for developing in-person tours.

Collaborative evaluative proposal between two departments of the Early Childhood Education program in Chile for the development of academic and professional competencies using an alternative assessment

Norton Contreras Paredes, Michelle Castro Cammouseight — Mon, 20 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0600

The presented systematization accounts for an evaluation instance applied between two departments of the Early Childhood Education program at a Chilean university. The objective was to assess the implementation of an alternative evaluative experience based on competencies in a discussion format. The characteristics of the sample group included 32 students from the Early Childhood Education program at a private higher education institution in Santiago, Chile, who were simultaneously taking the courses in Neuroeducation and Developmental Psychology. Their choice was a non-probability convenience sample, as the researchers had easy access to the participating subjects given the circumstances. One group of students was required to orally present a topic related to both courses and then make comments and ask questions about a different topic presented by another group. The instance was evaluated using a rubric-type instrument (regarding both form and content) with a requirement of 70% on the Chilean grading scale. It was found that the students achieved 67% of the learning indicator related to elements of form and 100% of the learning indicators related to elements of content. Thus, it is proposed that there is a need to generate more and better evaluation instances that differ from traditional written assessments in higher education, strengthening a curriculum oriented toward competencies and focused on adequate professional and labor performance.